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HOW WE GARDEN

Our principles

Soil care over soil chemistry, every drop of water accounted for, and planting that brings a garden alive.

Our principles

We grow gardens the way the ground wants to grow.

Four rules we work by on every site. We build up the soil instead of replacing it. We feed it with compost, not chemicals. We use as little water as the climate allows and lose as little of it as possible. And we choose plants that bring birds and butterflies back, so the garden is alive on the day it opens and richer every year after.

The living soil

A handful of healthy soil holds billions of living things. They feed the plants, hold the soil in crumbs that keep water, and keep disease down. Look after them and the garden largely looks after itself.

ROOT AND ROOT HAIRSHELPER FUNGI ON THE ROOTBACTERIASINGLE-CELL LIFETINY WORMSEARTHWORMSOIL MITESFIG. B-01 · WHAT LIVES IN A HANDFUL OF GOOD SOIL
Fig. B-01 · The living soil · original drawing
GROUND LEVEL0−0.5−1.0−1.6 mFIG. H-01 · THE SOIL LAYERS, TOP TO BOTTOM
Fig. H-01 · Soil horizons · original drawing

Read the ground first

Before choosing a single plant we dig a pit and read the soil in layers. How thick each one runs tells us how deep roots can go, where water sits, and which trees will do well.

Udaipur’s ground runs shallow and stony, with bedrock close beneath. We plant to the profile we find, not the one we wish for.

01

Nutrient cycling

Tiny soil life turns dead leaves and roots into food that plants can actually take up.

02

Structure building

It glues soil into crumbs; the gaps hold the air and water roots need.

03

Disease suppression

Healthy soil life leaves little room for the pests and diseases that attack weak plants.

How we protect it

Soil care, not soil chemistry

Hands lifting crop residue to show intact roots in undisturbed, no-till soil
01

No-till ground

We turn the soil as little as possible, so the fungal network and crumb structure stay intact.

Vegetable beds kept covered with straw mulch and living groundcover
02

Cover & mulch

Bare earth stays covered — groundcover or mulch — feeding the soil and holding moisture through the heat.

A handful of organic compost worked in around a brinjal plant
03

Compost, not salts

Organic compost rather than heavy synthetic fertiliser, so the microbial life stays diverse and fed.

Ladybird feeding on aphids on a leaf — natural pest control
04

No routine pesticide

Beneficial insects and microbes do the pest control. Chemistry last, never as routine.

Water, conserved

Every drop, in a desert climate

Drought-tolerant xeriscape planting zones

Hydrozoning

Plants grouped by thirst: drought-happy planting across the wider grounds, thirstier beds kept small and close to the building.

Drip irrigation delivering water to the root

Drip, to the root

Drip pipes water the roots underground, so almost nothing is lost to the Udaipur sun.

Rain barrel capturing rainwater for the garden

Rainwater capture

Roof and paving run-off returns to the garden instead of the drain.

Bark mulch conserving soil moisture

Mulch & morning

Mulch traps soil moisture; irrigation runs at first light.

Eco-friendly materials & planting

Built to sit lightly on the land

Dry-climate border of ornamental grasses, purple sage and yellow lantana among stone

Native & adapted species

Plants that belong here thrive on natural rainfall and ask little once established.

Stepping-stone path set in loose gravel so rain soaks through the joints

Permeable ground

Open-grid paving, gravel and stone let rain soak back into the earth.

Raised vegetable bed built from weathered reclaimed timber, planted with lettuce, kale and herbs

Reclaimed timber

Raised beds and borders built from salvaged wood where the brief allows.

Front garden of grasses, groundcover and flowering perennials with a gravel path in place of lawn

Less lawn

High-thirst turf swapped for groundcover, meadow and planting suited to the microclimate.

Planting for birds & butterflies

A garden that comes alive

Open landing pads for butterflies, long-lasting seed heads for foraging birds. A sample of the palette:

Plant
Butterflies
Birds
Season
Note
Lantana
High
Low
Summer – autumn
Nectar-dense flower clusters; thrives in heat.
Salvia
High
Medium
Spring – autumn
Tubular blooms for butterflies and sunbirds.
Cosmos
Medium
High
Summer – autumn
Easy annual; seed heads feed foraging birds.
Sunflower
Medium
High
Summer – autumn
Large faces draw insects; seeds for songbirds.
Marigold
Medium
Low
Year-round
Hardy border colour; steady nectar.
Coneflower
High
High
Summer – winter
Blooms for pollinators, winter seed for finches.

Legend High Medium Low  · Palette adapts to each site's aspect, soil and water.

Read next
  • 01
    How we work

    How a garden moves from the first sketch to a master plan, and how it grows in the years after planting.

  • 02
    Soil science

    A cut through a planted lawn, two metres deep: the soil layers, what lives in them, and why we read the ground before we plant.

  • 03
    Projects

    Photographs from three of our own schemes — Raj Niwas, Narsingh Bagh and Inder Prakash.